Installing Oracle Database 10g on Windows Using Real
Application Clusters (RAC) and Automated Storage Management (ASM)
Purpose
'This module describes how to install Oracle Database 10g
on a Windows two-node cluster, using Real Application Clusters (RAC) and Automated
Storage Management (ASM). The example in this lesson uses Oracle Database 10g
Standard Edition, however the installation process is similar to Oracle Database
10g Enterprise Edition.
The installation has two phases. In the first phase, you install
and configure the Cluster Ready Services (CRS) software. In the second phase,
you install the Oracle Database with RAC software.
To ensure that both nodes in the cluster meet the minimum
requirements to install Oracle Database 10g Real Application Clusters, perform
the following steps:
1.
Check the physical RAM size is at least 512 MB. Click
Start > Settings > Control Panel. Double click
System.
2.
You notice that the memory requirements have been met.
3.
Confirm the size of the configured swap space is at
least twice the physical RAM size which in this case is 2MB. Click Start
> Settings > Control Panel. Double click System,
then click the Advanced tab.
4.
Click Performance Options.
5.
Notice that the Virtual Memory is set to 2GB. Click
Change.
6.
Notice that the Maximum size is set to 4GB or twice
the physical RAM size. Click OK 3 times.
To support your Real Application Clusters database, your database
files must be stored on disks that are shared by both nodes in your cluster.
Any shared disks supported by your hardware vendor, other than Network Attached
Storage (NAS), can be used. The shared disks must be attached to both nodes
in your cluster and both nodes must be able to read and write to them. For performance
and availability reasons, you should use at least two shared disks for your
database files.
The requirements for Oracle Real Application Clusters 10g
installation and database creation are:
Requirement
Free Space Needed
Location
Ancillary Oracle files
100 MB on both nodes
Any local system drive
Temporary Space
50 MB on both nodes
Any local system drive
Cluster Ready Services software
500 MB on both nodes
Any local system drive but must be the same
named drive on both nodes
Database software
1 GB on both nodes
Any local system drive but must be the same
named drive on both nodes
Database files
7 GB
Shared disks
To confirm you have the required amount of free disk space
available, perform the following steps:
1.
Open My Computer and right-click on the drive
you are verifying and click Properties.
2.
You notice that the disk space requirements have been
met.
The two nodes in the cluster must be able to communicate with
each other and with external clients using the TCP/IP protocol. Communication
between clients and the nodes in the cluster is across the public network.
Both nodes need a network adapter configured for the public network.
To enable availability and failover, a virtual IP (VIP)
address is also required for each of your nodes. A VIP address can be moved
between nodes in case of a failure. CRS manages the VIP addresses for you.
To support a virtual IP address, both nodes required an unused
IP address that is compatible with the public network's subnet and netmask.
The virtual IP address and host name should also be registered in the domain
name system (DNS).
For communications between the instances running on the two
nodes, a private network is required. This private network connects only
the nodes in the cluster and cannot be accessed from outside the cluster. Both
nodes need a separate network adapter configured for this private network.
Public vs. Private Network
Both nodes must meet the following public and private network
requirements:
1. Support for two network adapters
Public network interface used for client
connections
Private network interfaces used for communication
between database instances
2. Support of interface name restrictions
Names are case sensitive
Names must not contain any multibyte language
characters
Public and private network interface names
must be different from each other
Name for each interface must be the same
on both nodes
Public and private IP addresses must be on
different subnets
3. An IP address and host name registered in the domain
name system (DNS) for the public network interface
4. A private IP address and optionally, a private host
name, for each private network interface.
Note: Oracle recommends that you use private network IP addresses
for these interfaces, for example: 10.*.*.* or 192.168.*.*. You can use %SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts
file on both nodes to associate private host names with private IP addresses.
Host Name
Type
IP Address
Registered In
iwinrca01.us.oracle.com
Public
139.185.150.201
DNS
iwinrca02.us.oracle.com
Public
139.185.150.202
DNS
viprca01.us.oracle.com
Virtual
139.185.150.54
DNS
viprca02.us.oracle.com
Virtual
139.185.150.55
DNS
iwinrca01-node
Private
10.10.10.2
Hosts file
iwinrca02-node
Private
10.10.10.3
Hosts file
To configure or determine the IP addresses associated with
your cluster nodes, perform the following steps:
1.
Determine the IP addresses and names for your two public
and two virtual IP addresses. On the first node, click Start > Run.
Enter cmd and press enter.
2.
Enter ipconfig and press enter.
From this window, you can see the public and private
network interface names, the public and virtual IP addresses and the private
IP address for node one.
3.
Switch to your other node and perform steps 1 &
2 again. You see the public and private network interface names, the public
and virtual IP addresses and the private IP address for node two. Make
sure that the interface names match that on node one.
4.
Confirm that the private IP addresses are listed in
the %SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts
file.
5.
Confirm that the two nodes can actually communicate.
On both nodes, execute ping
using the IP address or alias name for the other node's private IP address
and public IP address. Repeat this process on the other node.
To disable write caching, perform the following steps:
1.
Click Start > Settings > Control
Panel > Administrative Tools > Computer Management > Device Manager
> Disk Drives. Right-click on the first Disk drive and select Properties.
2.
Select the Disk Properties tab and uncheck Write
cache enabled. Then click OK.
Cluster Ready Services (CRS) provides overall management of
the cluster activities. CRS requires the following key files be located in logical
drives on shared disks:
Oracle Cluster Registry
Voting Disk
From one of the existing nodes of the cluster, perform the
following steps:
1.
Click Start > Settings > Control
Panel > Administrative Tools > Computer Management. Expand
Storage and select Disk Management.
2.
Right-click in the free space area on Disk1 and select
Create Logical Drive.
3.
The Create Partition Wizard appears. Click Next.
4.
The partition type you want to create is Logical Drive.
Click Next.
5.
Enter 100MB for the size for the first logical
partition. This is the size that you want for the Oracle Cluster Registry
logical drive. Click Next.
6.
Choose the option Do not assign a drive letter or
drive path and click Next.
7.
Choose the option Do not format this partition
and click Next.
8.
Review your selections and click Finish.
9.
The logical drive was created. Repeat the previous
steps to create a second logical drive of 20 MB for the Voting disk
10.
Check the two nodes in the cluster to make sure the
partitions are visible on both and none of the Oracle partitions have
drive letters assigned.
You need to configure disk storage for use with Automatic
Storage Management (ASM). ASM storage consists of one or more disk groups, each
of which spans multiple disks. To prepare the shared disks you identified in
the Disk Space prerequisite, you need to create two or more logical drives,
each on a different shared disk, for a total of at least 7 GB. To prepare each
logical drive, perform the following steps:
1.
In this example, only one Disk is available so two additional
logical drives were created on Disk1. All of the partitions you create
for your ASM disk groups must be at least 7 GB, be of equal size and include
as much of the free space on the disk as possible. Repeat the steps you
performed in the previous section to create the two logical drives.
Note: the amount of disk space to be used is in megabytes
so you need to enter the amount accordingly.
To install the Cluster Ready Services, perform the following
steps:
1.
Run setup.exe
from the Oracle Cluster Ready Services CD-ROM.
2.
When the Welcome page appears, click Next.
3.
At the Specify File Locations page, enter the name of
your Oracle Home and directory where you want the files placed. Make sure
you enter a location on the drive that contains the free space that you
identified previously. Then click Next.
Note: If this is your first Oracle Installation, you
will receive the Specify Inventory directory page which provides the location
where Oracle will store its inventory of installed products. Accept the
default and click Next.
4.
Accept the default of English on the Language Selection
page and click Next.
5.
On the Cluster Configuration page, enter a Cluster Name,
and your public and private node name for both nodes. Then click Next.
Note: you may need to click next more than once to go to the next page.
6.
On the Specify Network Interface Usage page, the Universal
Installer displays a list of cluster-wide interfaces. Select Public
for the first Local Area Connection interface and Private for the
Local Area Connection 2 interface and click Next.
7.
On the Select Disk Formatting Options page, choose the
options Do not format any logical drives and click Next.
8.
On the Disk Configuration - Oracle Cluster Registry
(OCR) page, choose the partition's disk number to hold the OCR (100 MB)
and click Next.
9.
On the Disk Configuration - Voting Disk page, choose
the partition's disk number to hold the voting disk (20 MB) and click
Next.
10.
Review the list of products that will be installed and
click Install.
11.
The progress window appears.
12.
The Configuration Assistants page appears.
13.
After the configuration tools complete their processing,
the End of Installation page appears. Click Exit then Yes
to terminate the Universal Installer.
To enable disk discovery during the database install, the
logical drives used to store your database files must be stamped with an ASM
header using asmtoolg. All disk names created by the tool begin with the prefix
ORCLDISK for identification purposes. To stamp the logical drives for ASM, perform
the following steps:
1.
Run <CRS_home>\BIN\asmtoolg.exe.
2.
Accept the default to Add or change label and
click Next.
3.
On the Stamp Disks page, select a disk to stamp and
optionally modify the prefix. Then click Next.
4.
Click Next.
5.
Click Finish.
6.
Repeat the steps above for the second logical disk.
Note: Alternatively, you could have selected both disks the first time
through.
Install Oracle Database
10g with Real Application Clusters
To install the Oracle Database 10g with RAC, perform the following
steps:
1.
Run setup.exe
from the Oracle Database 10g CD-ROM.
2.
When the Welcome page appears, click Next.
3.
At the Specify File Locations page, enter the name of
your Oracle Home and directory where you want the files placed. The Name
and Path in the Destination section should be different than what you
specified when you installed the Cluster Ready Services. Make sure you
enter a location on the drive that contains the free space that you identified
previously. Then click Next.
4.
On the Specify Hardware Cluster Installation Mode page,
the Cluster Installation mode is selected by default. In addition, the
local node, from which you are running the Universal Installer, is always
selected. Select the additional node that is to be part of this installation
session and click Next.
Note: if the Universal Installer detects a network problem
on any node that you have included in this installation, then a warning
is displayed. To resolve problems, examine the installation log file:
\Program Files\Oracle\Inventory\logs\installActions<date_time>.log
5.
On the Select Installation Type page, select the Standard
Edition option and click Next.
6.
On the Select Database Configuration page, accept the
default options to create a General Purpose starter database and click
Next.
7.
On the Specify Database Configuration Options page,
you can change the default names for your database and character set.
Check the Create database with sample schemas option and click
Next.
8.
On the Select Database Management Option page, accept
the default option and click Next.
9.
On the Specify Database File Storage Option page, select
Automatic Storage Management (ASM) and click Next.
Note: the other options are only supported by the Enterprise
Edition.
10.
On the Specify Backup and Recovery Options page, select
Enable Automated Backups. Automatic Storage Management is selected
by default. In the Backup Job Credentials section, enter the name and
password of your current windows session user. Then click Next.
11.
On the Configure Automatic Storage Management page,
check the column for each disk that you prepared for your ASM disk groups.
The Universal Installer lists only the partitions for logical drives located
on disks that have been stamped with asmtoolg.
Then click Next.
12.
On the Specify Database Schema Passwords page, enter
and confirm passwords for all of the privileges database accounts and
click Next.
13.
On the Summary page, review the list of software components
that will be installed. Then click Install.
14.
The progress window appears.
15.
When the installation completes, the Welcome page for
the Virtual IP Configuration Assistant. Click Next.
16.
On the Network Interfaces page, select the network interface
card (NIC) to which you want to assign your VIP address. Then click Next.
Note: Make sure your public NIC is selected for this purpose. If you select
your private NIC, your cluster will not function correctly.
17.
On the Virtual IPs for Cluster Nodes page, enter the
virtual IP (VIP) addresses you identified in the Network
prerequisites section and click Next.
18.
On the Summary page, review your entries and click Finish.
19.
A Configuration Assistant Progress Dialog page appears.
20.
When the configuration completes, click OK.
21.
The Configuration Results window appears. Review the
results, then scroll down to the bottom of the page and click Exit.
22.
After you exit from the VIPCA, the Net Configuration
Assistant and Database Configuration Assistant will run.
23.
The Database Configuration Assistant progress window
appears.
24.
When the Database creation is complete, click OK.
25.
The cluster database instances on both nodes are being
started.
26.
The installation was successful. Click Exit then
Yes to terminate the Universal Installer.
To verify the path names on both nodes, perform the following
steps:
1.
Click Start > Settings > Control
Panel > System > Advanced > Environment Variables. Select
the Path variable. Make sure that the value is set to <Oracle
Home>\bin. If the variable does not contain the value, then
add the value to the start of the path variable definition.
2.
Repeat the previous step for your other node.
Review
your Installation in Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Control
To review the results of your installation, perform the following
steps:
1.
Open a browser and enter the following URL:
http://<hostname>.<domain>:5500/em
Enter sys/oracle as SYSDBA and click Login.
2.
You see that your cluster database is up with 2 instances.
In the General section, click the link next to Cluster.
3.
The Cluster Database is up. Scroll down to see the list
of hosts.
4.
You have just completed the creation of a two-node RAC
database in which both nodes have an Oracle Instance, an Oracle Net Services
listener, and the Oracle Enterprise Manager components for Database Control.
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