Managing Configurations using Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Release 2
Managing Configurations using Oracle Enterprise Manager
10g Grid Control Release 2
This OBE describes how you can use Grid Control to view detailed
configuration information for all targets and the relationships between them,
search for specific configurations on Software Installations including Operating
systems, Databases, and Application Servers. Also, you can compare host configurations
and identify hardware and operating system differences, among other kinds of
information. You will also learn how to perform continuous security assessment
through automated detection of critical security vulnerabilities using out-of-the-box
security policies.
Approximately ½ hour
This OBE covers the following topics:
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The screenshots will not reflect the specific environment
you are using. They are provided to give you an idea of where to locate specific
functionality in the Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control console.
The Oracle Management Agent collects host configuration, client
configuration, and database configuration information and communicates that
information over HTTPS to the Oracle Management Service, which stores it in
the Oracle Management Repository. You can view, compare, and search the configuration
information in the Management Repository to monitor and manage your enterprise
configuration.
As the size and complexity of heterogeneous systems increases
and the number of distributed applications executing on these systems increases,
the task of managing these resources can quickly become overwhelming to any
system administration team. You need an automated approach for assisting you
in detecting problems in your systems and then performing the actions required
to correct the problems.
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Enterprise Manager lets you view the configurations of all
the targets that are being managed. Perform the following steps to view the
configurations for some of the common targets:
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1.
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Open the browser and enter the
following URL:
http://<management
service hostname>.<domain>:<port>/em/
The default port value on a clean machine is 7777. However,
if there are other instances running on the machine, then the port may
be different.
The login page will be displayed. Enter the User Name
and Password, and then click the Login button.
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2.
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Click the Targets tab.

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| 3. |
Click any one of the listed hosts.
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| 4. |
Click the Configuration property page.
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| 5. |
The information that you see on the host configuration page is the configuration
information currently stored for that host in the Management Repository.
Click the Databases subtab.
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| 6. |
Click any one of the listed databases.
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| 7. |
The database home page shows you the instance name, version, and uptime
of the database, as well as a variety of other statistics. Click the Administration
property page.
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| 8. |
Click the All Initialization Parameters link under the Database
Configuration section.
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| 9. |
Specify the database credentials and click the Login button.
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| 10. |
From here you can view all the initialization parameters stored in the
Management Repository and their values which are currently used by the
running instance.
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You can use the Enterprise Manager Grid Control to search
all the configurations stored in the Management Repository. When you perform
a search of your enterprise configuration, the search query accesses the enterprise
configuration management views in the Management Repository. Perform the following
steps to search database configuration details:
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1.
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Click the Deployments tab.
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2.
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Click the Search link under the Configuration section.

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| 3. |
Click the Initialization Parameter Settings link under the Search
Database Configuration Data section.
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| 4. |
In the Parameter Name field, enter shared_pool_size
and click the Go button.
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| 5. |
This will display all shared_pool_size
settings for all databases monitored by Grid Control. To narrow it down
to a particular parameter on a particular database, the Database Name
field can also be filled in when performing the search.
Click the Search Configurations locator link at the top.
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| 6. |
Click the Datafiles link under the Search Database Configuration
Data section.
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| 7. |
Click the flashlight next to the Database Name field.
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| 8. |
Select the database assigned to you and click the Select button.
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| 9. |
Click the Go button.
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This will display all datafiles (including locations and sizes) for the
specified database. Click the Search Configurations locator link
at the top.
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| 11. |
Click the Database Feature Usage link under the Search Database
Configuration Data section.
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| 12. |
Enter Advanced Security in the Feature Name field and click the
Go button.
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| 13. |
It will list all the databases using the Advanced Security feature. Click
the Search Configurations locator link at the top.
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| 14. |
Click the Search Operating System Patches Installed on Hosts link
under the Search Host Operating System Configuration Data section.
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| 15. |
Click the Go button to search all the patches installed on all
the hosts.
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| 16. |
This will list all the hosts to which you have applied the patches. To
know the exact patch that is applied click the number under the Number
of Patches column.
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| 17. |
This will show you the exact patches that were applied to that particular
host.
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Enterprise Manager lets you compare the configurations and
determine differences between two or more hosts, clients or databases. The Compare
Wizard allows you to compare various types of current/saved configurations with
one or more current/saved configurations. Perform the following steps to compare
the two database configurations:
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1.
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Click the Deployments tab.

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| 2. |
Click the Compare Configuration link under the Configuration section.
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Select Database Instance from the Search drop-down list and click
the Go button.
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Select the first database instance and click the Continue button.
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Select the second database instance and click the Compare button.
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This page displays a summary list of the comparison results. It has rollup
results for each category in the comparison. You can review which categories
have differences and then click on the corresponding tabs to view the
details. Click the System Global Area property page.
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| 7. |
This page displays the result of comparing the system global area parameters
for two databases. The system global area information is part of the database
configuration that Enterprise Manager collects and stores for an Oracle
database. Similarly you can compare the configurations for any of the
managed target. Click the Initialization Parameters property page.
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| 8. |
This screen will show by default all initialization parameter settings
that differ between the two selected database instances. Select All
from the Show Results drop-down list.
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| 9. |
It will now show the values of all initialization parameters, including
both those that are different between the two instances, as well as those
that are the same.
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Enterprise Manager lets you compare the configurations and
determine differences between two or more hosts, clients or databases. The Compare
Wizard allows you to compare various types of current/saved configurations with
one or more current/saved configurations. Perform the following steps to compare
the two host configurations:
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1.
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Click the Deployments tab.

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| 2. |
Click the Compare Configuration link under the Configuration section.
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Select Host from the Search drop-down list and click the Go
button.
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Select the first host and click the Continue button.
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Select the second host and click the Compare button.
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This page summarizes the host configuration comparison results. You can
view the summary of the comparison on this page, and you can navigate
to more detailed information about differences in the comparison items.
Click the first Different link in the Hardware & Operating
System section.
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This page shows the detailed results of the hardware comparison for two
host configurations. The top of the page shows the name of the first host
and second host involved in the comparison and the time that each host
configuration was collected. The System Details table provides the system
details comparison for the two hosts. The CPU table provides details on
the CPU comparison for the two hosts. The IO Devices table provides details
on the I/O comparison for the two hosts. The Network Interfaces configuration
table provides details on the network interface comparison for the two
hosts. Click the OK button.
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Click the second Different link in the Hardware & Operating
System section.
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This page shows detailed results of the operating system comparison
for two host configurations. The comparison Summary table displays summary
information about the properties, file systems, packages, and patches
that were compared for the two hosts. The General Information table displays
a summary comparison of the operating systems for the two hosts. The Operating
System Properties table displays a comparison of the operating system
properties for the two hosts.
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Grid Control automatically collects
configuration information for targets such as hosts and databases. It collects
configuration information for a target and stores it in the Oracle Management
Repository. Tracking historical changes to configurations is useful as it can
help you diagnose problems. Targets interact with each other and changes
in one target may affect the behavior of other related targets. Tracking historical
changes can be very important when trying to diagnose a problem as it provides
clues as to which changes might have affected it. Hence, it is important to
be able to see historical changes for a number of related targets. Perform the
following steps to view configuration history:
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1.
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Click the Deployments tab.
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2.
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Click the Configuration History link under the Configuration section.

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Select Database Instance from the Category drop-down list and
click the flashlight icon next to the Target Name field.
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Select any database instance and click the Select button.
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Click the Go button.
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It will display the search results of configuration changes made to this
database. It shows the date and time the change was discovered by a configuration
data collection, the type of change,and more.
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Policy Violations summarizes all the policy rule violations
in your enterprise. Viewing the policy violations allows you to prioritize your
tasks so you can deal with the most critical policy violations or those that
have the biggest impact on your enterprise. Perform the following steps to manage
policy violations:
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1.
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Click the Polices tab.
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| 2. |
By default you will be navigating to the Policy Violations page. Click
the number under the Violation Count column for the Open Ports
policy violation.
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The Policy Violation Details page provides detailed information about
violations of a specific policy rule. This shows a detailed view of the
violation, including how many objects were in violation, the impact, recommendations
to fix it, and other details. Click the target affected by the Open Port
Policy
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| 4. |
Scroll down to the Related Link sections and click the Metric and
Policy Settings link.
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Click the Policies property page.
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Click the pencil like icon for the Open Alert policy to edit it.
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| 7. |
Once a policy has been associated with a target, circumstances may dictate
that the policy evaluation settings be updated. The Edit Policy Rule Settings
page provides you the opportunity to change the policy settings to better
reflect your ever-changing environment. From this page you can can do
the following:
- Policy evaluation: Enabled or Disabled
- Importance Settings
- Ports to test for
- Ports to exclude
- Add the corrective action
- Select if a metric can override settings
Click the Continue button to save the edited settings.
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| 8. |
Click the OK button to save the changes.
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| 9. |
Click OK to confirm.
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| 10. |
Click the Policies tab.
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| 11. |
Click the Compliance Score (%) column heading to find the target
with the lowest compliance score.
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| 12. |
This way you can find the targets that have the lowest compliance score
and change the settings.
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Policy rules exist for different target types, such as hosts,
Oracle databases, and listeners. The Policy Rule Library provides a summary
list of all the policy rules against which Enterprise Manager checks for compliance.
Perform the following steps to manage the policy rules library:
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1.
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Click the Library subtab.

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Click on first policy Access to ALL_SOURCE View link.
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The View Policy Rule Defaults page summarizes the default settings for
the policy rule. This allows you to drill-down into the details of the
policy's configuration. If the EM user has the privileges set, you can
customize these settings. To customize these settings for a particular
policy rule click the Associations subtab.
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| 4. |
You will customize the settings for the Open Ports policy rule. To do
that, enter Open Ports
in the Policy Rule contains field and click the Go button.
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Select any one of the targets and click the Edit Policy Rule Settings
button.
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From this page you can enable/disable the policy rule, change the importance
level, change the parameter value, associate a corrective action with
the policy rule and so on. After you customize the policy rule to your
needs click the OK button to save the changes.
Note: You can customize the policy rules for more than one target
at a time using Monitoring Templates.
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You can notice that the policy rule is updated. Click the Library
subtab to know about the advance search feature.
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| 8. |
Click the Advanced Search link.
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Specify the word password
in the Policy Rules field and click the Go button.
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This will list all the policy rules pertaining to passwords.
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Perform the following steps to view the policy trend overview
for a particular target and few out-of-box reports pertaining to policies:
| 1. |
Click the Targets tab.
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| 2. |
Click the Host with the lowest compliance score.
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Click the Policy Trend Overview link to determine if, over the
past month, the compliance posture for the selected host is improving,
staying the same or getting worse.
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Select Last 31 Days from the View Data drop-down list.
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| 5. |
The Policy Trend Overview page provides
a comprehensive view about a target in regards to compliance over a period
of time. Using the tables and graphs, you can easily watch for trends in
progress and changes. Click the Reports tab to view the reports for
policy violations
Note: Policy trend overview data might take up to six hours, after
target discovery, to display in the time series charts.
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Expand the Monitoring reports.
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Expand the Alerts and Policy Violations section.
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| 8. |
Click the 20 Most Common Alerts and Policy Violations report.
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| 9. |
This report shows the top 20 most common alerts (metric) and violations
for a given time period. "Cleared" shows the count of alerts
or violations cleared at the selected time period. "New" shows
the count of alerts or violations occurred at the selected time period.
"Current" shows the count of alerts or violations, which are
still open. New count is considered for taking the top 20
most common violations. Relevant Targets Affected (%) shows
the percentage of targets affected for the target type in the Target
Type column, during the selected period of time and based on the
counts in the New column.
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In this lesson, you learned how to:
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View Configurations |
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Search Configurations |
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Compare Database
Configuration |
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Compare Host Configuration |
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View Configuration
History |
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Monitor Policy Violations
and Compliance Scores |
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Manage Policy Rules |
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View Policy Trend
Overview and Policy Reports |
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To ask a question about this OBE tutorial, post a query on the OBE
Discussion Forum. |
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