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Oracle Sharding is a scalability and availability feature for custom-designed OLTP applications that enables distribution and replication of data across a pool of Oracle databases that do not share hardware or software. The pool of databases is presented to the application as a single logical database. Applications elastically scale (data, transactions and users) to any level, on any platform, simply by adding additional databases (shards) to the pool. Scaling up to 1000 shards is supported.
Oracle RAC and Data Guard meet the scalability and availability needs of over 99% of applications while preserving application transparency. Sharding is an architectural pattern popularized by Internet and online companies that need very high scalability and absolute availability. Sharding divides a database into a farm of independent databases and thereby avoiding the scalability or availability edge cases associated with a single database. Oracle Sharding trades-off transparency in return for massive linear scalability, greater availability, and geographical distribution.
Oracle Sharding provides superior run-time performance and simpler life-cycle management compared to home-grown deployments that use a similar approach to scalability. It also provides the advantages of an enterprise RDBMS, including: relational schema, SQL, and other programmatic interfaces, support for complex data types, online schema changes, multi-core scalability, advanced security, compression, high-availability, ACID properties, consistent reads, developer agility with JSON, and much more.
Sharding with Oracle Database provides a number of benefits. These include:
All of the advantages of sharding without sacrificing the capabilities of an enterprise RDBMS, including: relational schema, SQL, and other programmatic interfaces, complex data types, online schema changes, multi-core scalability, advanced security, compression, high-availability, ACID properties, consistent reads, developer agility with JSON, and much more.