Oracle Data Guard 12c – Transporte de Base de dados “Cross Platform” (Parte II)

Por Joel Perez , Mahir M. Quluzade (OCP) & Rodrigo Mufalani
Postado em janeiro 2014

Indice:

1. Oracle Data Guard 12c – Transporte de Base de dados “Cross Platform” (Parte I)
2. Oracle Data Guard 12c – Transporte de Base de dados “Cross Platform” (Parte II)

Backup do BD de origem com o uso de comando “BACKUP TO PLATFORM”. O requisito principal no “Oracle Database 12cR1” é que a base de dados origem esteja em modo “Read-Only” para se aplicar o procedimento de Transporte, objeto do presente artigo.

C:\Users\oracle>set ORACLE_IS=wdb12c
C:\Users\oracle>rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Jul 22 04:02:27 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: WDB12C (DBID=1042362086)

RMAN> shutdown immediate;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> startup mount;

connected to target database (not started)
Oracle instance started
database mounted

Total System Global Area     801701888 bytes

Fixed Size                     2407784 bytes
Variable Size                541065880 bytes
Database Buffers             255852544 bytes
Redo Buffers                   2375680 bytes

RMAN> alter database open read only;

Statement processed

RMAN> BACKUP
2> TO PLATFORM='Linux x86 64-bit'
3> FORMAT 'C:\Backup2\wdb12c_transport2.bck'
4> DATABASE;

Starting backup at 27-JUL-13
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=20 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\WDB12C\SYSTEM01.DBF
input datafile file number=00003 name=C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\WDB12C\SYSAUX01.DBF
input datafile file number=00002 name=C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\WDB12C\EXAMPLE01.DBF
input datafile file number=00005 name=C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\WDB12C\UNDOTBS01.DBF
input datafile file number=00006 name=C:\APP\ORACLE\ORADATA\WDB12C\USERS01.DBF
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 27-JUL-13
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 27-JUL-13
piece handle=C:\BACKUP2\WDB12C_TRANSPORT2.BCK tag=TAG20130727T015837 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:03:15
Finished backup at 27-JUL-13

Para o presente caso construiremos manualmente os “Controlfiles” no BD de destino baseado na informação do BD de origem, para tanto, faremos um “Backup Controlfile to trace” para tal objetivo. Também será gerado um “Parameter File” igual ao de origem como podemos verificar abaixo:

C:\Users\oracle>set ORACLE_IS=wdb12c
C:\Users\oracle>sqlplus/ as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Mon Jul 22 04:07:28 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> alter database backup controlfile to trace as 'C:\Backup1\controlfile2trace2.sql';

Database altered.

SQL> create pfile='C:\Backup2\pfile4linux2.ora' from spfile;

File created.

Transferência dos arquivos necessários, gerados nos passos anteriores:

• “Script” de criação dos “Controlfiles”
• “Parameter File”
• “RMAN Backup”

 [oracle@oel62-ora12c ~]$ cd /tmp/Backup2
[oracle@oel62-ora12c Backup2]$ ls -l
total 1925240
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall       6007 Jul 27 14:12 CONTROLFILE2TRACE2.SQL
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall       1042 Jul 27 14:12 pfile4linux2.ora
-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 1971429376 Jul 27 14:13 WDB12C_TRANSPORT2.BCK
[oracle@oel62-ora12c Backup2]$

Parâmetros ajustados para o “Parameter File” do BD de destino

ldb12c2.__data_transfer_cache_size=0
ldb12c2.__db_cache_size=369098752
ldb12c2.__java_pool_size=4194304
ldb12c2.__large_pool_size=8388608
ldb12c2.__oracle_base='/u01/app/oracle'#ORACLE_BASE set from environment
ldb12c2.__pga_aggregate_target=281018368
ldb12c2.__sga_target=524288000
ldb12c2.__shared_io_pool_size=0
ldb12c2.__shared_pool_size=134217728
ldb12c2.__streams_pool_size=0
*.audit_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/admin/ldb12c2/adump'
*.audit_trail='db'
*.compatible='12.1.0.0.0'
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/control01.ctl'
*.db_block_size=8192
*.db_domain=''
*.db_name='wdb12c'
*.db_unique_name='ldb12c2'
*.db_create_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata'
*.db_recovery_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area'
*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=6930m
*.diagnostic_dest='/u01/app/oracle'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=ldb12c2XDB)'
*.local_listener=''
*.log_archive_format='ARC%S_%R.%T'
*.memory_target=768m
*.open_cursors=300
*.processes=300
*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

No destino precisamos realizar a criação do diretório “audit dump”

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/ldb12c2/adump

No destino inicializaremos a nova instância “ldb12c2” em modo “NOMOUNT” fazendo uso do “Parameter File” construído e faremos a execução do comando “RESTORE”. No comando “RESTORE” especificamos:

• FOREIGN DATABASE TO NEW -> A opção “TO NEW” especifica que os  “FOREIGN DATA FILES” restaurados devem ser restaurados baseados no conceito de OMF, ao qual estará configurado no parâmetro “DB_CREATE_FILE_DEST”
• FROM BACKUPSET '/tmp/Backup1/WDB12C_TRANSPORT2.BCK'; -> Esta é a localização do backup full “Whole Database Backup” realizado na base de dados de origem.

[oracle@oel62-ora12c ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=ldb12c2
[oracle@oel62-ora12c ~]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.1.0 - Production on Sat Jul 27 14:30:39 2013
Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup nomount pfile='/tmp/Backup2/pfile4linux2.ora';

Oracle instance started
Total System Global Area     801701888 bytes

Fixed Size                     2293496 bytes
Variable Size                545259784 bytes
Database Buffers             251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers                   2490368 bytes

RMAN> RESTORE
        2> FOREIGN DATABASE TO NEW
        3> FROM BACKUPSET '/tmp/Backup2/WDB12C_TRANSPORT2.BCK'; 

Starting restore at 27-JUL-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring all foreign files in backup piece
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece /tmp/Backup2/WDB12C_TRANSPORT2.BCK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring foreign file 1 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/
o1_mf_system_8z75gzto_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring foreign file 3 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/
o1_mf_sysaux_8z75gzy2_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring foreign file 5 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/
o1_mf_undotbs1_8z75h01y_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring foreign file 2 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/
o1_mf_example_8mq196lg_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring foreign file 6 to /u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/
o1_mf_users_8z75h049_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: foreign piece handle=/tmp/Backup2/WDB12C_TRANSPORT2.BCK
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:01:16
Finished restore at 27-JUL-13

RMAN> shutdown immediate;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
Oracle instance shut down

RMAN> exit
Recovery Manager complete.

Visualizando os “Datafiles” restaurados

[oracle@oel62-ora12c ~]$ cd /u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/
[oracle@oel62-ora12c datafile]$ ls -l
total 2334764
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 807411712 Jul 27 14:42 o1_mf_sysaux_8z75gzy2_.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 817897472 Jul 27 14:43 o1_mf_system_8z75gzto_.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 760225792 Jul 27 14:42 o1_mf_undotbs1_8z75h01y_.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall 374874112 Jul 27 14:42 o1_mf_example_8mq196lg_.dbf
-rw-r----- 1 oracle oinstall   5251072   Jul 27 14:41 o1_mf_users_8z75h049_.dbf
[oracle@oel62-ora12c datafile]$

    

Ajustes realizados no “Script” de reconstrução dos “Controlfiles”

STARTUP NOMOUNT PFILE='/tmp/Backup2/pfile4linux2.ora';  
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "WDB12C" RESETLOGS  ARCHIVELOG     MAXLOGFILES 16
MAXLOGMEMBERS 3   MAXDATAFILES 100     MAXINSTANCES 8     MAXLOGHISTORY 292 LOGFILE
GROUP 1 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 2 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
GROUP 3 '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512 
DATAFILE   '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/o1_mf_system_8z75gzto_.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_8z75gzy2_.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/o1_mf_example_8mq196lg_.dbf',
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_8z75h01y_.dbf', 
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/o1_mf_users_8z75h049_.dbf'
CHARACTER SET AL32UTF8; -- Database can now be opened zeroing the online logs.
ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS; -- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces. -- 
Online tempfiles have complete space information. -- Other
tempfiles may require adjustment. ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE
'/u01/app/oracle/oradata/LDB12C2/datafile/temp01.dbf'      SIZE 92274688  REUSE 
AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 655360  MAXSIZE 32767M; -- End of tempfile additions.

    

Recriando “Controlfiles”, abertura do BD e ajuste de “Tablespace” temporário

[oracle@oel62-ora12c ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=ldb12c2
[oracle@oel62-ora12c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jul 27 14:54:21 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> @/tmp/Backup2/CONTROLFILE2TRACE2.SQL;
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  801701888 bytes
Fixed Size		    2293496 bytes
Variable Size		  545259784 bytes
Database Buffers	  251658240 bytes
Redo Buffers		    2490368 bytes

Control file created.


Database altered.


Tablespace altered.

SQL>exit

    

Confirmação que está conectado no BD destino

[oracle@oel62-ora12c ~]$ export ORACLE_SID=ldb12c2
[oracle@oel62-ora12c ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.1.0 Production on Sat Jul 27 14:55:57 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL> select platform_name from v$transportable_platform
  2  where platform_id = (select platform_id from v$database);

PLATFORM_NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Linux x86 64-bit

SQL> connect mahir/mahir
Connected.

SQL> select *  from t;

     N
----------
     1

Conclusão

Finalizamos o exemplo de transporte de BD objeto deste artígo. O mesmo utilizou a cláusula “BACKUP TO PLATFORM” a qual foi explicado no início deste artigo, é um tipo de “Backup” transportável a uma plataforma específica.

Vantagem: É um “Backup” que não necesita converssão no destino

Restrições: O “Overhead” de conversão é realizado no banco de origem durante o “Application Downtime”

Joel é um DBA expert com mais de 12 anos de experiência, especializado nas áreas de bases de dados com especial ênfase em soluções de alta disponibilidade (RAC, Dataguard, e outros). É um palestrante habitual em eventos de Oracle como: OTN LAD TOUR e outros. É o primeiro latino-americano a ser nomeado "OTN Expert " no ano de 2003 e é Oracle ACE Director.

Mahir é um DBA Senior com mais de 10 anos de experiência no Oracle Database com foco especial em Alta disponibilidade e soluções de Recuperação contra desastres (RAC, Data Guard, RMAN,…). Atualmente trabalha para o Central Bank of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Ele é um Oracle Certified Professional DBA. Mahir é palestrante do Azerbaijan Oracle User Group (AZEROUG) e também é blogger.

Mufalani é um DBA Sr. com mais de 10 anos de experiência, começou com o Oracle 8i, mas teve a oportunidade de dar suporte a Oracle 7.3.4 em diante. É especialista em banco de dados Oracle com foco principal em Performance & Tuning e RAC. É palestrante em eventos de Oracle como: OTN LAD TOUR e outros. Atualmente trabalha como consultor diversas empresas no segmento de variados ramos como: Educação, Saúde, Tecnologia, Seguros e etc. Foi o terceiro Oracle ACE a ser nomeado no Brasil e é OCP DBA nas versões 10g e 11g e OCE RAC 10gR2.