The OpenJDK 9 binary for Linux x64 contains an empty cacerts keystore. This prevents TLS connections from being established because there are no Trusted Root Certificate Authorities installed. As a workaround for OpenJDK 9 binaries, users had to set the javax.net.ssl.trustStore System Property to use a different keystore.

"JEP 319: Root Certificates" [1] addresses this problem by populating the cacerts keystore with a set of root certificates issued by the CAs of Oracle's Java SE Root CA Program. As a prerequisite, each CA must sign the Oracle Contributor Agreement (OCA) http://www.oracle.com/technical-resources/oracle-contributor-agreement.html, or an equivalent agreement, to grant Oracle the right to open-source their certificates.

[1] JDK-8191486

Support has been added for the TLS session hash and extended master secret extension (RFC 7627) in JDK JSSE provider. Note that in general, server certificate change is restricted if endpoint identification is not enabled and the previous handshake is a session-resumption abbreviated initial handshake, unless the identities represented by both certificates can be regarded as the same. However, if the extension is enabled or negotiated, the server certificate changing restriction is not necessary and will be discarded accordingly. In case of compatibility issues, an application may disable negotiation of this extension by setting the System Property jdk.tls.useExtendedMasterSecret to false in the JDK. By setting the System Property jdk.tls.allowLegacyResumption to false, an application can reject abbreviated handshaking when the session hash and extended master secret extension is not negotiated. By setting the System Property jdk.tls.allowLegacyMasterSecret to false, an application can reject connections that do not support the session hash and extended master secret extension.

Applications that either explicitly or implicitly call org.omg.CORBA.ORB.string_to_object, and wish to ensure the integrity of the IDL stub type involved in the ORB::string_to_object call flow, should specify additional IDL stub type checking. This is an "opt in" feature and is not enabled by default.

To take advantage of the additional type checking, the list of valid IDL interface class names of IDL stub classes is configured by one of the following:

• Specifying the security property com.sun.CORBA.ORBIorTypeCheckRegistryFilter located in the file conf/security/java.security in Java SE 9 or in jre/lib/security/java.security in Java SE 8 and earlier.

• Specifying the system property com.sun.CORBA.ORBIorTypeCheckRegistryFilter with the list of classes. If the system property is set, its value overrides the corresponding property defined in the java.security configuration.

If the com.sun.CORBA.ORBIorTypeCheckRegistryFilter property is not set, the type checking is only performed against a set of class names of the IDL interface types corresponding to the built-in IDL stub classes.

In 9.0.4, the RSA implementation in the SunRsaSign provider will reject any RSA public key that has an exponent that is not in the valid range as defined by PKCS#1 version 2.2. This change will affect JSSE connections as well as applications built on JCE.

This change updates the JDK providers to use 2048 bits as the default key size for DSA instead of 1024 bits when applications have not explicitly initialized the java.security.KeyPairGenerator and java.security.AlgorithmParameterGenerator objects with a key size.

If compatibility issues arise, existing applications can set the system property jdk.security.defaultKeySize introduced in JDK-8181048 with the algorithm and its desired default key size.

The generateSecret(String) method has been mostly disabled in the javax.crypto.KeyAgreement services of the SunJCE and SunPKCS11 providers. Invoking this method for these providers will result in a NoSuchAlgorithmException for most algorithm string arguments. The previous behavior of this method can be re-enabled by setting the value of the jdk.crypto.KeyAgreement.legacyKDF system property to true (case insensitive). Re-enabling this method by setting this system property is not recommended.

Prior to this change, the following code could be used to produce secret keys for AES using Diffie-Hellman:

• KeyAgreement ka = KeyAgreement.getInstance("DiffieHellman");
• ka.init(...);
• ka.doPhase(...);
• SecretKey sk = ka.generateSecret("AES");

The issue with this code is that it is unspecified how the provider should derive a secret key from the output of the Diffie-Hellman operation. There are several options for how this key derivation function can work, and each of these options has different security properties. For example, the key derivation function may bind the secret key to some information about the context or the parties involved in the key agreement. Without a clear specification of the behavior of this method, there is a risk that the key derivation function will not have some security property that is expected by the client.

To address this risk, the generateSecret(String) method of KeyAgreement was mostly disabled in the DiffieHellman services, and code like the example above will now result in a java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException. Clients still may use the no-argument generateSecret method to obtain the raw Diffie-Hellman output, which can be used with an appropriate key derivation function to produce a secret key.

Existing applications that use the generateSecret(String) method of this service will need to be modified. Here are a few options:

A) Implement the key derivation function from an appropriate standard. For example, NIST SP 800-56Ar2[1] section 5.8 describes how to derive keys from Diffie-Hellman output.

B) Implement the following simple key derivation function:

• 1) Call KeyAgreement.generateSecret() to get the shared secret as a byte array
• 2) Hash the byte array produced in step 1 using SHA-256
• 3) Pass the byte array produced in step 2 into the constructor of SecretKeySpec. This constructor also requires the standard name of the secret-key algorithm (e.g. "AES")

This is a simple key derivation function that may provide adequate security in a typical application. Developers should note that this method provides no protection against the reuse of key agreement output in different contexts, so it is not appropriate for all applications. Also, some additional effort may be required to enforce key size restrictions like the ones in Table 2 of NIST SP 800-57pt1r4[2].

C) Set the jdk.crypto.KeyAgreement.legacyKDF system property to "true". This will restore the previous behavior of this KeyAgreement service. This solution should only be used as a last resort if the application code cannot be modified, or if the application must interoperate with a system that cannot be modified. The "legacy" key derivation function and its security are unspecified.

• [1] https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-56Ar2.pdf
• [2] https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/SpecialPublications/NIST.SP.800-57pt1r4.pdf

To improve the strength of SSL/TLS connections, exportable cipher suites have been disabled in SSL/TLS connections in the JDK by the jdk.tls.disabledAlgorithms Security Property.

Java SE 9 changes the JDK's Transform, Validation and XPath implementations to use the JDK's system-default parser even when a third party parser is on the classpath. In order to override the JDK system-default parser, applications need to explicitly set the new System property jdk.xml.overrideDefaultParser.

1. Support through the API

   The overrideDefaultParser property is supported by the following APIs:

   1. TransformerFactory::setFeature
   2. SchemaFactory::setFeature
   3. Validator::setFeature
   4. XPathFactory::setFeature
2. Support as a System property

The overrideDefaultParser property can be set through the System.setProperty.

3. Support as a JAXP system property

The overrideDefaultParser property can be set in the JAXP configuration file jaxp.properties.

4. Scope and order

The overrideDefaultParser property follows the same rule as other JDK JAXP properties in that a setting of a narrower scope takes preference over that of a wider scope. A setting through the API overrides the System property which in turn overrides that in the jaxp.properties file.

Web-start applications cannot be launched when clicking JNLP link from IE 11 on Windows 10 Creators Update when 64-bit JRE is installed. Workaround is to uninstall 64-bit JRE and use only 32-bit JRE.

Timeouts used by the FTP URL protocol handler have been changed from infinite to 5 minutes. This will result in an IOException from connect and read operations if the FTP server is unresponsive. For example, new URL("ftp://example.com").openStream().read(), will fail with java.net.SocketTimeoutException in case a connection or reading could not be completed within 5 minutes.

To revert this behaviour to that of previous releases, the following system properties may be used, sun.net.client.defaultReadTimeout=0, sun.net.client.defaultConnectTimeout=0

The OpenJDK 9 binary for Linux x64 contains an empty cacerts keystore. This prevents TLS connections from being established because there are no Trusted Root Certificate Authorities installed. You may see an exception like the following:

                        javax.net.ssl.SSLException: java.lang.RuntimeException:
Unexpected error:
java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException: 
the trustAnchors parameter must be non-empty
                        

As a workaround, users can set the javax.net.ssl.trustStore System Property to use a different keystore. For example, the ca-certificates package on Oracle Linux 7 contains the set of Root CA certificates chosen by the Mozilla Foundation for use with the Internet PKI. This package installs a trust store at /etc/pki/java/cacerts, which can be used by OpenJDK 9.

Only the OpenJDK 64 bit Linux download is impacted. This issue does not apply to any Oracle JRE/JDK download.

Progress on open-sourcing the Oracle JDK Root CAs can be tracked through the issue JDK-8189131.

See JDK-8189131

Certificate Changes

One Swisscom root certificate has been revoked by Swisscom and has been removed:

Swisscom Root EV CA 2
alias: "swisscomrootevca2 [jdk]"
DN: CN=Swisscom Root EV CA 2, OU=Digital Certificate Services, O=Swisscom, C=ch
                        

JDK-8186330 (not public)

Changes